Helping Children Learn to Read - The Importance of Phonemic Awareness

I was fascinated to discover information on howdistinguish the small segments of sounds -
the importance of phonemic awareness was"phonemic awareness". Their difficulty has nothing
discovered. After World War II the U.S.to do with an ability to recognize the individual
Government looked for ways to ease theletters but what word they form when strung
transition back into life for disabled veterans,together. Well over a third of all beginning readers
including those who returned home blinded inhave difficulty identifying, discriminating, and
battle. A young psychologist, Alvin Liberman, wasisolating sounds.
tasked with creating a reading machine for thePhonemes are the sounds that make up spoken
blind. The idea was to create a machine that couldwords not the individual letters. For example, the
vocalize print as a finger ran over Braille letters.word 'on' is made up of two phonemes: /o/ and
Although the machine worked it proved too slown/. We hear them as a single word because we
at articulating the individual sounds to resembleblend the individual phonemes into a unit as we
speech. Listeners found it impossible to join thepronounce the word. Clusters of letters that
machine's sounds together to make any senserepresent single sounds (th, sh, oo, ough, or ck)
out of them. However, Liberman's team ofare also important for children to be aware of.
scientists had stumbled upon a newThe word 'though' is not decodable just by the
under­standing of the reading process.individual letter sounds, there needs to be an
They had unintentionally identified the complicatedunderstanding of the phonetic sound too.
relationship between the language that we readPhonemes are not the sounds that letters make
[letters] and the lan­guage that we speakbut the sounds of speech that can be
[sounds] and discovered one of the primaryrepresented by letters.
reasons it can be hard to learn how to read. JustEffective reading instruction needs to include
as the blind listeners could not make sense out ofteaching of phonemic awareness and phonics.
the sounds coming from the reading machine,Helping your child to recognize the sounds the
struggling readers have a hard time blendingletters make and how they combine is as
together the different sounds that make up aimportant as understanding the letters
word.themselves.
Many young learners find it incredibly difficult to