Types of Dyslexia and Strategies For Success

March 2nd is Read Across America Day in honorable to read it which helps maintain the flow of
of Dr. Seuss' birthday. We all know how importantthe sentence which aids in comprehension. Do
reading is not only to our success in school but tocheck for understanding of the vocabulary word
our success in life as well. Think about how muchto ensure they remember what it means. If it is
you read throughout your day; everything fromnot possible to read the story before the child,
the TV guide to menus at restaurants to a goodmonitor vocabulary as they read. When they get
book to food labels and the mail. This list could goto the end of a sentence, talk about the
on and on.vocabulary word and what it means in that
Many children struggle with reading skills. Readingsentence.
disorders are the most commonly diagnosedWhen children struggle with reading, they need to
learning disorder in America. Most children arebe shown that reading can be enjoyable and can
diagnosed as having a developmental readinghelp them learn about the world around them.
disorder, though at one time all reading disordersHere are some ideas for making reading
were categorized under the heading of Dyslexia.enjoyable:
However, the use of this term was inconsistent1) Visit your local library (in person or online) to
which lead to confusion among educators, parentsfind out what kinds of reading programs they
and psychologists. Thus, this term is no longerhave. Some offer story time, organized reading
used as the overall heading for reading disabilities.programs, individual programs, special events, etc.
So, what is Dyslexia? Dyslexia is an impairedReview their offerings to see if there is
ability to learn to read. It is a neurological conditionsomething your child might enjoy. These activities
that is not the result of hearing or visionallow children to interact with books in a different
difficulties or from poor reading instruction. Thereway than at school which may encourage them
are several types of Dyslexia that a child canto read.
experience; these include:2) Pair written books with books on CD (or your
Deep Dyslexia is present when a child hasMP3 player). This way they can read along with
difficulty writing letters and words, with integratingthe audio book. This helps reinforce sight words
the sounds of letters, with understanding wordas they can read these along with the audio
meanings and when pronouncing less familiarportion. It helps them learn unfamiliar words as
words.they are hearing them read aloud while looking at
Literal Dyslexia is present when the child hasthe printed word. It also helps a child to hear the
trouble identifying or naming letters, matchingstory being read with good rate and rhythm
upper and lowercase letters and matching letterswhich helps with overall comprehension of the
to their sounds.story.
Neglect Dyslexia is present when a child neglects**Your child may like to make their own audio
one side of words. This can occur on the eitherbooks by reading a story into a recording device.
the left or right side and is not the result of visionThen then can listen to themselves read the
difficulties. It is most notable on lengthy words,story as they follow along with the book.
for example a person might read "maginable" for3) Watch TV. While this may sound like a strange
"unimaginable".idea, there is a reading twist to it. Turn on the
Phonological Dyslexia is present when a child hasclosed captioning option while they are watching
difficulty sounding out words. They can readtheir favorite show. This way they can read along
words that are familiar but have trouble readingwith what the characters are saying. This is similar
unfamiliar words.to following along with the audio books but it
Pure Dyslexia is present when a child has difficultyallows the child to also see what is happening
with reading but does not experience any troublewhich can help with vocabulary and
with writing.comprehension. Adding a DVR to this activity may
Semantic Dyslexia is present when a child hasbe helpful if the child needs to pause or rewind to
difficulty with the meaning of words. Thisread it or watch it again.
confusion leads to trouble reading. They may say4) Make a set of vocabulary cards. Take a deck
a synonym, antonym or subordinate of the word.of playing cards and write one vocabulary word
For example, they may read "cat" as "dog" oron each card (you can write it directly on the
"teach" as "taught".card or on masking tape and stick it to the middle
Spelling Dyslexia is present when a child hasor the back of the card). Continue adding words
difficulty reading both familiar and unfamiliar wordsuntil you have used all 52 cards. After adding new
and has trouble identifying letters. They may readwords play a card game such as "go fish". When
words one letter at a time, even with it is athe child gets a card with a word on it they have
short, familiar word.to tell what the word means as part of their turn.
Word Dyslexia is present when a child can readYou do the same on your turn to help them learn
the individual letters of the word but cannot readthe definitions. You can also use this for spelling
the word.practice. When you get a card with a word on it
There are many things you can do to help a childtell the child the word and have them spell it by
with a reading disability. These tips can be used toeither writing it down or spelling it out loud.
help any child successfully complete a reading5) Institute Family Reading Night where every
activity, not just those with a reading disability.member of the family sits and read quietly
It might be helpful to break down a lengthytogether for a short period of time (such as 20
reading assignment into smaller chunks to help theminutes). This helps show that even adults read
child feel more successful. Take a short breakbooks and that reading can be an enjoyable and
between reading sections so they do not feelstress free activity. For this reading time, don't
overwhelmed by the task.worry about employing any strategies, just let
To help with comprehension, build backgroundthem read. It is especially important to be sure
information before reading. Talk about what thethey are reading something that is at their level
story is about (you can usually get a pretty goodso they are not bored or struggling during this
idea based on the title and cover art). Ask whattime.
they know about the subject. This helps buildYour overall goal is to help them become more
reference points so the child can relate what issuccessful readers but remember to make it a s
going on in the story to something they havestress free and enjoyable as possible. Practice
done or learned. Write (or draw) story maps asreading outside on a nice day, let the child choose
the story is progressing. This helps the child pickthe book they would like to read. If your child
out the important information in the story as wellbegins to show frustration or fatigue, take a
as helps them to learn the flow and organizationbreak and come back to it a little later when they
of the story. Having this synopsis of the storymay be more willing to put in the effort.
can help in retention as they can use it toRemember, if they are struggling with reading at
"refresh" their memory.school they are not going to want to come home
If possible, read the passage before the child. Thisand struggle more so think of ways to encourage
way you can talk about the vocabulary in theyour child to read and help them find ways to
story before they actually read it. Then whenmake reading enjoyable whether they have a
they come to the word in the story they havereading disability or not!
had some experience with it and may be better